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.hide-for-print{display:none!important} .show-for-print{display:inherit!important}} </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/4.4.0/css/font-awesome.min.css"> <style> /* Stylesheet for CodeRay to match GitHub theme | MIT License | http://foundation.zurb.com */ /*pre.CodeRay {background-color:#f7f7f8;}*/ .CodeRay .line-numbers{border-right:1px solid #d8d8d8;padding:0 0.5em 0 .25em} .CodeRay span.line-numbers{display:inline-block;margin-right:.5em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.3)} .CodeRay .line-numbers strong{color:rgba(0,0,0,.4)} table.CodeRay{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;margin-bottom:0;border:0;background:none} table.CodeRay td{vertical-align: top;line-height:1.45} table.CodeRay td.line-numbers{text-align:right} table.CodeRay td.line-numbers>pre{padding:0;color:rgba(0,0,0,.3)} table.CodeRay td.code{padding:0 0 0 .5em} table.CodeRay td.code>pre{padding:0} .CodeRay .debug{color:#fff !important;background:#000080 !important} .CodeRay 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.char{color:#d14} .CodeRay .regexp .function{color:#404;font-weight:bold} .CodeRay .string{color:#d20} .CodeRay .string .string .string{background:#ffd0d0} .CodeRay .string .content{color:#d14} .CodeRay .string .char{color:#d14} .CodeRay .string .delimiter{color:#d14} .CodeRay .shell{color:#d14} .CodeRay .shell .delimiter{color:#d14} .CodeRay .symbol{color:#990073} .CodeRay .symbol .content{color:#a60} .CodeRay .symbol .delimiter{color:#630} .CodeRay .tag{color:#008080} .CodeRay .tag-special{color:#d70} .CodeRay .variable{color:#036} .CodeRay .insert{background:#afa} .CodeRay .delete{background:#faa} .CodeRay .change{color:#aaf;background:#007} .CodeRay .head{color:#f8f;background:#505} .CodeRay .insert .insert{color:#080} .CodeRay .delete .delete{color:#800} .CodeRay .change .change{color:#66f} .CodeRay .head .head{color:#f4f} </style> </head> <body class="article"> <div id="header"> <h1>Announcing picocli 1.0 - a mighty tiny command line interface</h1> <div class="details"> <span id="author" class="author">Remko Popma</span><br> <span id="revdate">2017-09-10</span> </div> </div> <div id="content"> <div id="preamble"> <div class="sectionbody"> <div class="imageblock" style="float: right"> <div class="content"> <a class="image" href="https://github.com/remkop/picocli"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/github/ribbons/forkme_right_red_aa0000.png" alt="Fork me on GitHub"></a> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Picocli (<a href="http://picocli.info/" class="bare">http://picocli.info/</a>) is a one-file framework for creating Java command line applications with almost zero code. A number of similar libraries already exist, so why create another one? There are three common concerns that have been mostly ignored by other command line parser libraries.</p> </div> <div class="ulist"> <ul> <li> <p>No extra dependencies for end users. How can we avoid adding a JAR?</p> </li> <li> <p>Usage help should look beautiful, be customizable and use colors.</p> </li> <li> <p>Command line TAB autocompletion. Because why not!</p> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Let’s look at how picocli tries to address these issues.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sect1"> <h2 id="_one_single_source_file_include_as_source">One Single Source File - Include as Source</h2> <div class="sectionbody"> <div class="paragraph"> <p>How often have you chosen to write custom code to parse command line arguments instead of using a library because you didn’t want to burden your users with the extra dependency?</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Picocli offers a way to let users run picocli-based applications without requiring the picocli library as an external dependency: all the source code lives in a <a href="https://github.com/remkop/picocli/blob/master/src/main/java/picocli/CommandLine.java">single file</a>, to encourage application authors to include it in source form. This is convenient for utility-like single-jar applications.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>There are other ways to accomplish this, like JAR shading, but this is an alternative. It is easy to understand, easy to do, and it doesn’t require any special tooling. Application authors can upgrade to newer versions of picocli by replacing a single source file.</p> </div> <div class="sect2"> <h3 id="_binaries_available">Binaries Available</h3> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Including as source is optional. If you prefer to use picocli as a library, that is fine. Picocli is distributed in binary form as well as source and its JAR file is available on <a href="https://search.maven.org/#search%7Cga%7C1%7Cpicocli">Maven</a>, <a href="https://bintray.com/remkop/picocli/picocli/">Bintray JCenter</a> and <a href="https://github.com/remkop/picocli/releases">GitHub</a>.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sect1"> <h2 id="_customizable_usage_help_with_ansi_styles_and_colors">Customizable Usage Help - with ANSI Styles and Colors</h2> <div class="sectionbody"> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Usage help is the face of a command line application. The generated help message should look great out of the box, but should also be easy to tweak.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Do you want your application’s usage help to look <a href="http://picocli.info/index.html#_compact_example">compact</a>, or do you prefer a more <a href="http://picocli.info/index.html#_expanded_example">spacious</a> look? A good command line library should let you customize the usage help message to accomodate a variety of styles.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>This is easily accomplished in picocli with <a href="http://picocli.info/index.html#_section_headings">annotations</a>. Separate annotations exist for sections like description, header and footer. Text can be multi-line and each section has a customizable heading. If the annotations are not sufficient, picocli has a Help <a href="http://picocli.info/index.html#_usage_help_api">API</a> that offers some building blocks for further customizing the help message. This may range from the basic (reordering sections and passing parameters for <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Formatter.html#syntax">format specifiers</a> in the headings or section text) to the more advanced (<a href="http://picocli.info/index.html#_custom_layout">custom layouts</a> for options).</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p><a href="http://picocli.info/index.html#_ansi_colors_and_styles">ANSI styles and colors</a> are applied automatically to the generated sections of the help message on supported platforms. Picocli uses a default <a href="http://picocli.info/index.html#_configuring_fixed_elements">color scheme</a> for options, parameters and subcommands. This color scheme can be <a href="http://picocli.info/index.html#_color_scheme_overrides">customized</a>.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>In addition, you can use ANSI colors and styles in your descriptions and headings by embedding <a href="http://picocli.info/index.html#_usage_help_with_styles_and_colors">markup</a> like <code>@|red text|@</code> in the annotations text. For example, generating usage for an annotated class like this:</p> </div> <div class="listingblock"> <div class="content"> <pre>@Command(description = "Custom @|bold,underline styles|@ and @|fg(red) colors|@.") class AnsiDescription { } CommandLine.usage(new AnsiDescription(), System.out);</pre> </div> </div> <div class="imageblock"> <div class="content"> <img src="http://picocli.info/images/DescriptionWithColors.png" alt="Custom description with ANSI styles and colors"> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Below is an example of what kind of usage help messages can be created with just annotations.</p> </div> <div class="imageblock"> <div class="content"> <img src="http://picocli.info/images/picocli.Demo.png" alt="Picocli demo help message"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sect1"> <h2 id="_command_line_completion">Command Line Completion</h2> <div class="sectionbody"> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Picocli-based applications can have <a href="http://picocli.info/autocomplete.html">command line autocompletion</a> on supported platforms.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Not all shells support programmable completion. Currently picocli autocompletion works only in the Bash and Zsh shells. Hopefully this is still useful: the Bash Unix shell has been distributed widely as the default login shell for most Linux distributions and Apple’s macOS. Windows 10 now offers <a href="https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/commandline/wsl/about">native support for Bash</a>, on older versions of Windows you may want to look at Cygwin or Babun.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>How does this work? Picocli inspects the <code>@Command</code> and <code>@Option</code> annotations of your command class and <a href="http://picocli.info/autocomplete.html#_quick_start_tutorial">generates a completion function</a>. When this completion function is installed, pressing the TAB key shows the available options, option parameters and subcommands, for any level of nested subcommands. For options that accept files or directories, hosts, or Java enums, the shell will show the possible option values that match what the user typed so far.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sect1"> <h2 id="_feedback_welcome">Feedback Welcome</h2> <div class="sectionbody"> <div class="paragraph"> <p>There is much more to picocli but hopefully the above has whetted your appetite.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Please give it a try and use the <a href="https://github.com/remkop/picocli/issues">issue tracker</a> to let me know your thoughts. Bug reports, documentation improvements, ideas, any feedback is welcome!</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>If you like the project, please star it <a href="https://github.com/remkop/picocli">on GitHub</a> and tell your friends!</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer"> <div id="footer-text"> Last updated 2017-09-10 23:16:17 +09:00 </div> </div> </body> </html>